Nicknamed Supermac and cognize for his pragmatism, wit and unflappability, Macmillan achieved notoriety before the Second World warfare as a Tory radical and critic of appeasement. Rising to high up office as a protégé of wartime Prime Minister Winston Churchill, he believed in the essential decency of the post-war settlement and the necessity of a mixed economy, and in his premiership pursued corporatist policies to develop the domestic securities industry as the engine of growth.[2] As a One demesne Tory of the Disraelian tradition, haunted by memories of the Great Depression, he championed a Keynesian strategy of public investment to maintain demand, winning a second term in 1959 on an electioneering bud brook. Benefiting from approbatory international conditions,[3] he presided over an age of affluence, marked by low unemployment and high if uneven growth. In his Bedford speech of July 1957 he told the nation they had never had it so good,[4] but warned of the dangers of inflation, summing up the fragile successfulness of the 1950s.
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In international affairs, Macmillan rebuilt the special relationship with the United States from the wreckage of the Suez Crisis (of which he had been one of the architects), and redrew the world map by decolonising sub-Saharan Africa. Reconfiguring the nations defences to get together the realities of the nuclear age, he ended National Service, strengthened the nuclear deterrent by acquiring Polaris, and pioneered the Nuclear Test banish with the United States and the Soviet Union. Belatedly recognising the dangers of strategic dependence, he sought-after(a) a new role for Britain in Europe, but his involuntariness to disclose United States nuclear secrets to France contributed to a French ban of the United Kingdoms entry into the European Economic Community.[6]
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